Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, posture and overload in the workplace of dentists

Objetivos: Investigação da prevalência e fatores associados aos sintomas osteomusculares em dentistas que trabalham em Clínicas Odontológicas Privadas de Porto Alegre. Material e Métodos: O questionário autoaplicável utilizado foi o Mapa de Desconforto Corporal e uma escala visual analógica (EVA) de sete centímetros, respondido por 39 profissionais (critério de nível de confiança de 95% e um erro de 5%). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Correlação de Pearson (r). Resultados: A amostra por conveniência foi composta por 66,7% de mulheres. A prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares encontrada foi de 89,7%. O cansaço físico e mental, estresse e nervosismo relatados encontraram-se associados à sobre jornada de trabalho, pois mais de 50% da amostra trabalha mais de oito horas diárias (p=0,001). A postura inadequada da cabeça, braços e mãos encontrou-se relacionada ao cansaço físico e ao nervosismo referidos (p=0,001). Ter algum conhecimento sobre postura no posto de trabalho foi relatado por 61,5% da amostra e, dentre estes, apenas 8,3% apresentaram conhecimentos abrangendo aspectos físicos, organizacionais e psicológicos existentes no trabalho. Conclusões: Posicionamento inadequado aliado às longas jornadas de trabalho e à insuficiência de conhecimento dos fatores organizacionais relativos à profissão podem explicar os resultados descritos aqui.Objectives: Investigation of the prevalence and associated factors for musculoskeletal symptoms among dentists who work in private dental clinics from Porto Alegre. Material and Methods: The self-applied questionnaire completed by 39 professionals was the Body Discomfort Map and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with a confidence level of 95% and a 5% error. Pearson’s correlation (r) was used to measure the association between studied factors and musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: The convenience sample consisted 66.7% of women. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was 89.7%. Physical and mental fatigue, stress and nervousness reported found themselves associated with excessive work hours, where over 50% of the sample works more than eight hours a day. (p=0.001). Also the improper posture with the head, arms and hands were found related to physical fatigue and nervousness mentioned (p=0.001). Having some knowledge about posture in the workplace was reported by 61.5% of the sample, and of these, only 8.3% had knowledge covering physical, organizational and psychological. Conclusions: Inappropriate placement allied to long working hours and insufficient knowledge of organizational factors related to the profession, may explain the results described here

Health care for women who use crack and their newborn children in the maternity ward of a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul

Este artigo retrata as características do atendimento à saúde das mulheres usuárias de crack e de seus filhos recém-nascidos na Maternidade de um Hospital Universitário do Rio Grande do Sul. É um estudo qualitativo e documental, que mostra as configurações da internação hospitalar, o atendimento multiprofissional e intersetorial e a organização da alta das mulheres usuárias de crack e de seus filhos recém-nascidos. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dessas mulheres internou para assistência ao parto, e que foram realizados mais partos normais do que cesarianos. Todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos foram atendidos por equipe multiprofissional, e a intersetorialidade está expressa na articulação do atendimento de alta complexidade em saúde com os demais setores da sociedade. A organização da alta hospitalar da mulher esteve focada no acesso ao tratamento para o uso de drogas, e a do recém-nascido teve como foco sua proteção, mediante o encaminhamento ao judiciário.This article portrays the characteristics of health care for women who use crack and their newborn children at the maternity ward of “Rio Grande do Sul” University hospital. It is a qualitative and documentary study, which shows the configurations of hospitalization, multiprofessional and intersectoral care and the organization of discharge of women who use crack and their newborn children. The results show that the majority of these women were admitted for birth assistance and that more normal deliveries were performed than caesarean sections. All women and newborns were attended by a multidisciplinary team and the intersectoriality is expressed in the articulation of high complexity health care with other sectors of society. The organization of women’s hospital discharge was focused on access to treatment for drug use and that of the newborn focused on its protection, through referral to the judiciary

Quiénes somos nosotros? : la identidad no tan secreta de los agentes comunitarios de salud

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o entendimento de 62 Agentes Comunitários de Saúde da cidade de Campo Bom, no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), sobre as definições estabelecidas por eles acerca de sua identidade, proporcionando uma reflexão referente às práticas do cotidiano do trabalho. As entrevistas individuais e questionários auto preenchidos foram analisadas pelo seu conteúdo a partir da construção do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. As percepções apontam para a autodefinição do agente como um trabalhador que possui escuta qualificada; elo entre a equipe e a comunidade; múltiplas ações, que muitas vezes vão além do estabelecido legalmente; realizações pessoais condicionadas ao “sucesso” profissional; trabalho sob a lógica da educação em saúde. Esta pesquisa demonstrou que, por vezes, é o próprio trabalhador que se coloca na condição de “super-herói”, o que nos faz pensar o quanto os processos de trabalho devem ser amplamente e continuamente discutidos.The objective of this article was to analyze the understanding of 62 Community Health Agents in the city of Campo Bom, state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), about the definitions established by them about their identity, providing a reflection regarding daily practices at work. Individual interviews and self-completed questionnaires were analyzed for their content based on the construction of the Collective Subject Discourse. Their perceptions point to the self-definition of the agent as a worker who is a qualified listener; a team-community link; someone who takes multiple actions, which often go beyond what is legally established; who thinks their personal achievements are conditioned to professional “success”; who works under the logic of health education. This investigation showed that sometimes it is the worker him/herself who places him/herself in the condition of “superhero”, which makes us think that the work processes should be widely and continuously discussed.Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar el entendimiento de 62 Agentes Comunitarios de Salud, en Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), sobre las definiciones establecidas por ellos acerca de su identidad, proporcionando una reflexión referente a las prácticas del cotidiano del trabajo. Las entrevistas individuales y cuestionarios auto rellenados fueron analizados por su contenido a partir de la construcción del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Las percepciones apuntan a la autodefinición del agente como un trabajador que posee escucha calificada; entre el equipo y la comunidad; múltiples acciones, que muchas veces van más allá de lo establecido legalmente; realizaciones personales condicionadas al “éxito” profesional; trabajo bajo la lógica de la educación en salud. Esta investigación demostró que a veces es el propio trabajador que se pone en la condición de “superhéroe”, lo que nos hace pensar cuánto los procesos de trabajo deben ser ampliamente y continuamente discutidos

Trabalho coletivo, espaços de trocas cognativas de cooperação presencial : a construção coletiva do diagnóstico médico no hospital universitário

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Patient safety : adverse events notified in the southern region of Brazil, 2014-2019

Introduction: One in ten inpatients suffers damage from healthcare, most of which is preventable. Objective: To describe the occurrence and characteristics of adverse events or incidents recorded in the National Health Surveillance System (Notivisa) for the three southern states of Brazil, between March 2014 and January 2019. Methods: Use of data from Notivisa's Adverse Events Reports for the three states of the Brazilian South Region (n=55.536 records). Variables studied: type of incident and year of occurrence; processes involved and problems occurred in incidents involving failures during assistance; types of services and hospital units; patient profile; shift in which the incident occurred; degree of damage and deaths per incident. Results: Of the total records, 56.7% occurred in male people, 57.7% in the age group above 56 years of age, 54.3% in the day shift and 50.7% resulted in mild damage. The three main reasons for incidents and adverse effects were: Failures during healthcare (24.5%), pressure ulcers (21.6%) and patient falls (15.0%). In “failures during health care”, the procedures, treatment and / or intervention predominate (64.5%); in problems, incomplete or inadequate assistance (36.3%). The number of notifications four times higher in Paraná and twice in Santa Catarina suggests possible underreporting in Rio Grande do Sul. Conclusion: Failures predominated during health care in Paraná and Santa Catarina, and the patient's fall in Rio Grande do Su

LER/DORT na terceira década da reestruturação bancária: novos fatores associados?

OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de casos sugerentes de LER/DORT y factores asociados tres décadas posteriores a la restructuración bancaria. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con 356 funcionarios de 27 agencias bancarias de las redes públicas y privada de Porto Alegre, Sur de Brasil, entre abril y agosto de 2009. Se utilizó análisis estadístico bruto y ajustado por el modelo de Regresión de Poisson con varianza Robusta, conducida por el modelo jerárquico en tres niveles, incorporándose la estructura del delineamiento y ajuste para los conglomerados. Los resultados fueron estratificados por porte de la agencia y clasificados por dicotomías (&gt;25;OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of cases suggestive of repetitive strain injury/work-related musculoskeletal disorders (RSI/WRMSD), three decades after restructuring of banking. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on 356 employees in 27 bank branches of public and private banks in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, between April and August 2009. After crude statistical analysis, adjustments were made using a Poisson regression model with robust variance and a three-level hierarchy that incorporated the design structure and adjustments for the clusters. The results were stratified according to the size of the bank branch and were dichotomized (>; 25; &#8804; 25 employees). RESULTS: The prevalence of cases suggestive of RSI/WRMSD was lower among the men (PR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.47-0.81). Workers aged 26 to 45 years (PR = 2.51; 95%CI 1.02;6.14) presented greater prevalence of this outcome. Individuals with postgraduate qualifications (PR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.22;0.90) and length of time in the job between 5.1 and 15 years (PR = 0.62; 95%CI 0.47;0.81) presented protection against RSI/WRMSD. On stratifying the analyses according to size, it was found that age, income and length of time in the job remained associated in branches with 25 employees or fewer, while in branches with more than 25 employees, sex and schooling level were associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of importance in relation to bank employees who become ill due to rsi/wrmsd seem to be different today from those that were known historically. greater attention to organizing work and management strategies should be taken into consideration in drawing up illness prevention programs for banking work.OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de casos sugestivos de LER/DORT e fatores associados três décadas após a reestruturação bancária. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 356 funcionários de 27 agências bancárias das redes pública e privada de Porto Alegre, RS, entre abril e agosto de 2009. Foi utilizada análise estatística bruta e ajustada pelo modelo de Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, conduzida por modelo hierárquico em três níveis, incorporando-se a estrutura do delineamento e ajuste para os conglomerados. Os resultados foram estratificados por porte da agência e dicotomizados (&#8805; 25 e < 25 funcionários). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de casos sugestivos de LER/DORT foi menor nos homens (RP = 0,62 IC95% 0,47;0,81). Trabalhadores com idade entre 26 e 45 anos (RP = 2,51 IC95% 1,02;6,14) apresentaram maior prevalência do desfecho. Indivíduos com pós-graduação (RP = 0,45 IC95% 0,22;0,90) e tempo na função entre 5,1 e 15 anos (RP = 0,62 IC95% 0,47;0,81) apresentaram fator de proteção para os casos sugestivos de LER/DORT. Ao estratificar as análises por porte, nas agências com 25 funcionários ou menos, idade, renda e tempo na função permaneceram associados, enquanto nas agências com mais de 25 funcionários, sexo e escolaridade associaram-se ao desfecho. CONCLUSÕES: Aspectos importantes no adoecimento por LER/DORT entre bancários parecem hoje ser diferentes dos historicamente conhecidos. Atenção maior à organização do trabalho e às estratégias de gestão deveria ser considerada na elaboração de programas de prevenção de adoecimento no trabalho bancário

Biosensors in occupational safety and health management : a narrative review

A sensor is a device used to gather information registered by some biological, physical or chemical change, and then convert the information into a measurable signal. The first biosensor prototype was conceived more than a century ago, in 1906, but a properly defined biosensor was only developed later in 1956. Some of them have reached the commercial stage and are routinely used in environmental and agricultural applications, and especially, in clinical laboratory and industrial analysis, mostly because it is an economical, simple and efficient instrument for the in situ detection of the bioavailability of a broad range of environmental pollutants. We propose a narrative review, that found 32 papers and aims to discuss the possible uses of biosensors, focusing on their use in the area of occupational safety and health (OSH)

Modelling tropical forest responses to drought and El Niño with a stomatal optimization model based on xylem hydraulics.

The current generation of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) lacks a mechanistic representation of vegetation responses to soil drought, impairing their ability to accurately predict Earth system responses to future climate scenarios and climatic anomalies, such as El Niño events. We propose a simple numerical approach to model plant responses to drought coupling stomatal optimality theory and plant hydraulics that can be used in dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). The model is validated against stand-scale forest transpiration (E) observations from a long-term soil drought experiment and used to predict the response of three Amazonian forest sites to climatic anomalies during the twentieth century. We show that our stomatal optimization model produces realistic stomatal responses to environmental conditions and can accurately simulate how tropical forest E responds to seasonal, and even long-term soil drought. Our model predicts a stronger cumulative effect of climatic anomalies in Amazon forest sites exposed to soil drought during El Niño years than can be captured by alternative empirical drought representation schemes. The contrasting responses between our model and empirical drought factors highlight the utility of hydraulically-based stomatal optimization models to represent vegetation responses to drought and climatic anomalies in DGVMs.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications'